This colorful species is common in the pine forests of western North America. Audubon's climate model projects a 70 percent loss of current summer range by 2080. Part of the area to be vacated is a section of central and eastern Canada, identified by the model as having suitable climate, but not currently occupied by the species. Taking this out of the equation, the loss of breeding area would be less severe. Predicting the Western Tanager’s future is also complicated by potential interbreeding and competition with the closely related Scarlet Tanager. By 2080, the model shows that the two may broadly overlap in range.
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